How to Identify Illness in a Non-Verbal Organism?
How can we diagnose a creature unable to verbally express its feelings, localize pain, quantify discomfort, or report pain in words?

Diagnostic Methods: Physical examination, blood tests, fecal analysis, urinalysis, imaging (X-ray, CT, MRI, ultrasound)

Tools and Their Applications: Thermometers, types of syringes and needles and how to select them, when to administer oral medication versus injections, ointments, drops, or other forms of administration.

Anesthesia: Components (muscle paralysis, loss of consciousness, analgesia), their significance and importance, the four stages of anesthesia, examples of mechanisms for two anesthetic agents. What are the differences between sedation, anesthesia, and twilight anesthesia?

Surgeries: Surgical instruments, ventilation equipment, vital sign monitoring devices (respiration, temperature, heart rate), types and purposes of surgeries. Suture types and materials (have you ever seen a curved needle?), castration, sterilization, gastropexy, hernia repair.

Body Systems: Circulatory – blood and lymph (in advanced groups, we'll also cover additional functions of the circulatory system beyond oxygen and nutrient transport, such as immunity and thermoregulation), respiratory, skeletal, muscular, digestive, reproductive, visual, auditory, nervous, immune systems, etc.

Pathogens: Bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi

Vaccinations for puppies/kittens and adults, with brief overviews of each disease. (Active and passive immunization)

Genetic diseases characteristic of specific dog and cat breeds.

Case Studies: As "veterinarians," students will receive case descriptions and must choose which tests to perform until they reach a diagnosis and solve the case. When the power and decision-making are in their hands – how should the case be treated?

* The course material will be tailored to the age of the learners.